Combustion and Fire Systems
🏛 U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)
✓ Free, no account · Source: Grants.gov · Last verified Jul 15, 2026
Can you apply?
This grant is for researchers conducting fundamental and applied research in combustion science, fire systems, and related transport phenomena. Universities, national laboratories, and research institutions with PhD-level researchers can apply. Research must advance clean energy, climate mitigation, or public safety through combustion and fire science. Innovative proposals outside core areas are welcome but require prior director contact.
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Program description
TheCombustion and Fire Systemsprogram is part of the Transport Phenomena cluster, which also includes 1) theFluid Dynamicsprogram; 2) theParticulate and Multiphase Processesprogram; and 3) theThermal Transport Processesprogram.
The goal of theCombustion and Fire Systemsprogram is tocreate new knowledge to support advances in clean energy, climate change mitigation, a cleaner environment and public safety.
The program endeavors to createfundamental scientific knowledge that is needed for safe, clean and useful combustion applications and for mitigating the effects of fire.The program aims to identify and understand the controlling basic principles and to use that knowledge to create predictive capabilities for designing and optimizing practical combustion devices and understanding fire.
Important outcomesfor this program include:
- broad-based tools — experimental, theoretical, andcomputational — that can be applied to a variety of problems in combustion technologies and fire;
- science and technology for clean and efficient generation of power;
- discoveries that enable clean environments (for example, by reduction in combustion-generated pollutants); and
- enhanced public safety and climate change mitigation through research on wildland and building fire growth, inhibition, and suppression.
Research areas of interest for this program include:
- Basic combustion science: Combustion of gas, liquid, and solid fuels over abroad range of temperatures, pressures, and compositions; combustion at supercritical conditions; advanced propulsion concepts; flame synthesis ofmaterials; integration of fuel design and combustion; control of reaction pathways; development of chemical kinetics models, analytical and numerical predictive methods, and advanced diagnostic tools.
- Combustionscience related to clean energy: Increasing efficiency and reducing pollution; production and use of renewable and/or carbon-free fuels; biomass pyrolysis, gasification, and oxidation; technologies such as oxy-fuel combustion and chemical looping combustion for carbon capture.
- Fireprevention: Improved understanding of building and wildland fires to prevent their spread, inhibit their growth, and suppress them; prediction and mitigation of fires in the wildland-urban interface.
- Turbulence-chemistry interactions:Fundamental understanding of turbulent flow interactions with finite-rate chemical kinetic pathways at high Reynolds and Karlovitz number conditions, including but not limited to: (1) fundamental experiments to generate physico-chemical data to reduce theuncertainty of combustion chemistry and turbulent combustion models; (2)spatially/temporally well-resolved, multi-scale/multi-physics computations;novel approaches of developing embedded multi-scale direct numericalsimulation (DNS) of complex geometries and data-assimilations forincorporating measured data from the state-of-art in situ diagnostic approaches; (3) other innovative approaches on development and validation of predictive computational methods. NOTE: This is an NSF-AFOSR (Air Force Office of Scientific Research) joint funding area. Proposals will be jointly reviewed by NSF and AFOSR using the NSF merit reviewprocess.Actual funding format and agency split for an award(depending on availabilityof funds) will be determined after the proposal selection process. The AFOSR program that participates in this initiative is the program on Energy, Combustion, and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics.
Innovative proposals outside of these specific interest areas may be considered.However, prior to submission, it is recommended that the Principal Investigator contact the program director to avoid the possibility of the proposal being returned without review.
INFORMATION COMMON TO MOST CBET PROGRAMS
Proposals should address the novelty and/orpotentially transformative natureof the proposed work compared to previous work in the field.Also, it is important to address why the proposed work is important in terms of engineering science, as well as to also project the potential impact on society and/or industry of success in the research.The novelty or potentially transformative nature of the research should be included, as a minimum, in the Project Summary of each proposal.
The duration of unsolicited proposal awards in CBET is generally up to three years. Single-investigator award budgets typically include support for one graduate student (or equivalent) and up to one month of PI time per year(awards for multiple investigator projects are typically larger). Proposal budgets that are much larger than typical should be discussed with the program director prior to submission. Proposers can view budget amounts and other information from recent awards made by this program via the “What Has Been Funded (Recent Awards Made Through This Program, with Abstracts)” link towards the bottom of this page.
Faculty Early Career Development(CAREER)program proposals are strongly encouraged.Award duration is five years.The submission deadline for Engineering CAREER proposals is in July every year. Learn more in theCAREER program description.
Proposals for Conferences, Workshops, and Supplements: PIs are strongly encouraged to discuss their requests with the program director before submission of the proposal.
Grants forRapid Response Research(RAPID)andEArly-concept Grants for Exploratory Research(EAGER)are also considered when appropriate.Please note that proposals of these types must be discussed with the program director before submission.Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry (GOALI)proposals that integrate fundamental research with translational results and are consistent with the application areas of interest to each program are also encouraged. Please note that RAPID, EAGER, and GOALI proposals can be submitted anytime during the year. Details about RAPID, EAGER, and GOALI are available in the Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG), Part 1, Chapter II, Section E: Types of Proposals.
Compliance: Proposals that are not compliant with theProposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG)will be returned without review.
Who can apply
Eligible applicants
How to apply
Application links
Key dates & requirements
Required documents
- NSF PAPPG-compliant proposal (narrative and budget)
- SF-424 cover sheet
- Current CV (NSF format)
- Budget justification
- Facilities and equipment description
- Data management plan
Program contact
- 👤 National Science Foundation
- 📧 grantsgovsupport@nsf.gov
- 📞 703-292-4261
Funding track record
Recent awards under CFDA 47.041 from the last 3 years — real organizations that won funding through this same program.
Top 10 Largest Recent Awards
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$41,946,862
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$39,155,237
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$38,277,956
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$37,936,436
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$36,940,111
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$36,277,271
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$36,183,087
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$32,471,912
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$32,414,114
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$31,561,058
Top States by Funding
- TX 3 awards $90.6M
- CA 7 awards $85.0M
- IL 5 awards $83.9M
- AZ 2 awards $68.7M
- NC 2 awards $63.3M
Source: USAspending.gov — federal spending transparency. Data covers last 3 years.
Funding history
Annual funding for this program — Federal obligations (CFDA 47.041). How funding has trended year over year.
| 2024 | $752,230,000 | |
| 2025 | $727,730,000 | |
| 2026 est. | $181,990,000 |
FAQ
Who is eligible to apply?
Universities, national labs, and research institutions can submit proposals. PIs typically hold doctoral degrees in relevant fields.
What types of research does this program fund?
Fundamental combustion science, clean energy technologies, fire prevention, and turbulence-chemistry interactions. Computational, theoretical, and experimental work is all supported.
Is there a rolling deadline?
Yes, proposals are reviewed on a rolling basis. Check NSF CBET program page for specific submission windows and review cycles.
Do I need to contact the program director first?
Contact is recommended if your proposal falls outside the listed research areas to avoid desk rejection.
What is the typical award size and duration?
Individual awards vary; check recent announcements for typical ranges. Multi-year funding is common in NSF research programs.
💡 Tips for applicants
- Contact the program director early if your work doesn't fit neatly into listed research areas. This prevents desk rejection.
- Emphasize fundamental science AND practical applications. The program wants both discovery and real-world combustion/fire solutions.
- Include clear, detailed research objectives and measurable outcomes. NSF values well-defined merit criteria.
- Describe experimental, computational, or theoretical methods in detail. Justify your approach against alternatives.
- Budget carefully with realistic personnel, equipment, and travel costs. Indirect costs are allowed but must be justified.
⚠️ Common mistakes
Submitting outside core areas without director pre-approval. Vague research objectives or weak connection to combustion fundamentals. Overclaiming novelty without clear scientific merit or feasibility rationale.
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